发动机油的低温启动模拟试验的主要影响因素考察

低温启动模拟试验(即低温动力粘度)是多级油的重要性能指标之一，它能预测发动机在低温下能否顺利启动。对发动机油低温动力粘度影响最大的因素是基础油和粘度指数改进剂，研究给出常用的基础油组分YU-4、ES90150、150SN、YU-6、500SN、150BS的单组分低温动力粘度的具体数值，并对500SN、150BS和其与YU-4的配伍进行了详细地讨论。数据表明：2％500SN与1％150BS对低温动力粘度的影响相当，150BS与YU-4配伍比500SN与YU-4配伍的低温动力性能优异；考察证明HSD型的粘度指数改进剂的低温动力粘度明显优于OCP型；定量地考察不同粘度级别和质量等级的发动机油的低温动力粘度，可以为SAEJ300～99(2001)标准在中国的执行和生产多级油提供的数据平台。

THE INVESTIGATION OF THE MAIN INFLUENCE FACTOR ON THE LOW TEMPERATURE COLD CRANKING SIMULATION TEST FOR ENGINE OILS

The low temperature cold cranking simulation test(namely low temperature viscosity) is one of the important capability target.It can predict whether the engine crank successfully at low temperature.The major factors of effecting the low temperature viscosity of engine oils are base oil and VII,such as YU-4,ESSO150,150SN,YU-6,500SN and 150BS.Influences from 500SN and 150BS are discussed in detail,pointing that the influence from 2% of 500SN is equal to the one from 1% of 150BS and the low temperature viscosity from the compatibility of 150BS and YU-4 is much better than the one from the compatibility of 500SN and YU-4.Furthermore,the different sorts of VIIs like OCP and HSD are investigated.The low temperature viscosity of the HSD is excellent.The investigation on low temperature viscosity of engine oils with different degrees of viscosity and quality can support for the implementation and production of SAEJ300-99(2001) standard in China.