Microstructural properties of superalloys investigated by nanoindentations in an atomic force microscope |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China;2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials Testing and Evaluation, Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials Laboratory, AVIC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China;1. AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;3. School of Mechanics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China;4. College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun 130118, China;1. School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;2. Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA;3. Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA;4. Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;5. Rolls-Royce plc, Derby, DE24 8BJ, UK;1. Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, The State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China;2. Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, People’s Republic of China;3. Applied Mechanics Lab, School of Aerospace, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | The microstructure of nickel-base superalloys with differently shaped γ′ precipitates determines their excellent high-temperature behaviour. A reliable quantitative determination of volume fraction and particle size distribution (PSD) of these precipitates is difficult, since the size of the precipitates is often below 100 nm. With an atomic force microscope (AFM), sections through specimens are analysed with a resolution in the nanometre range, which allows a quantitative determination of the γ′ volume content and PSD for different superalloys. Thus, determined volume fractions for the γ′ phase in the superalloys CMSX-6 and Waspaloy amount to 56% and 27%, respectively. A combination of an AFM with a nanoindentation system also allows the measurement of local mechanical properties such as hardness and elasticity. These quantities are determined for the first time directly on the superalloys CMSX-6 and Waspaloy for the γ′ and matrix phases, separately. The γ′ phase in both alloys shows a significantly higher but different hardness than the matrix phase, whereas the moduli of elasticity are similar. A depth dependence of the hardness was found for very small indentations. |
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