鄱阳湖湿地适宜生态需水位研究——以星子站水位为例

根据鄱阳湖水位频变的实际情况,以星子站水位为例,利用生态水文法对鄱阳湖湿地的适宜生态需水位进行了研究.通过分析1953—1973年、1956—2000年、2006—2010年期间鄱阳湖水位和一些代表物种如白鹤和芦苇的生长、分布及变化规律,表明(1)针对鄱阳湖湿地水位剧烈变化的特征,将适宜水位分为枯水期和丰水期两个时段进行研究更为合理;(2)在丰水期以12～15 m作为适宜水位,枯水期以11～14 m作为适宜水位,作为关键时段的4月和10月适宜水位一定要得到保证;(3)水位条件变化虽然不能从根本上改变鄱阳湖湿地植物的带状分布,但水位变化直接决定各种物种的数量及生物量.

Research on suitable ecological water level in Poyang Lake wetland:a case study in Xingzi Hydrological Station

According to the variation of water level in Poyang Lake,with the eco-hydrological method,we cite the water level data of Xingzi Hydrological Station as sample to analyze the ecological water demands of Poyang Lake.By comparing the Poyang Lake water level,and the representative species such as Grus leucogeranus and Phragmites in this area during three periods:1953—1973,1956—2000,2006—2010,we analyze their distribution and variation.We came to the following conclusions:1) In light of the characteristics of Poyang Lake wetland water level,it is suitable that a year is divided into two parts,i.e.,wet season and dry season;2)In wet season,12 m～15 m is a suitable level range while the suitable level range is 11 m～14 m in the dry season,and the water level in April and October should be guaranteed;3) Variation of water level can not fundamentally alter the zonal distribution of Poyang Lake wetland plants,but it directly determines the number and biomass of plants.