Preparation and surface-active properties of the sodium soaps,mono- and diethanolamides and diol and triol sulfates of cycloaliphatic C21 Di- and C22 Tricarboxylic acids |
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Authors: | P Vijayalakshmi R Subbarao G Lakshminarayana |
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Affiliation: | (1) Regional Research Laboratory, CSIR, 500007 Hyderabad, India |
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Abstract: | Cycloaliphatic C21 di- and C22 tricarboxylic acids were prepared by the Diels-Alder reaction of dehydrated castor oil (DCO) fatty acids (containing 48%
conjugated and 42% nonconjugated dienes) with acrylic and fumaric acids, respectively. The reaction temperature, time, catalyst
concentration, and mole ratio of reactants were varied to get maximum yields of the di- and tricarboxylic acids. The unreacted
DCO fatty acids were removed from the products by partition between aqueous methanol and n-hexane. The products were converted
to methyl esters and characterized as the substituted cyclohexene derivatives before and after dehydrogenation with Pd/C in
xylene, hydrogenation with Pd/C in decalin and oxidation with periodate-permanganate reagent and by mass and proton nuclear
magnetic resonance spectrometry. The acids were converted to sodium soaps, mono- and diethanolamides and the corresponding
diol and triol sulfates, and the resulting products were evaluated for their surface-active properties. The sodium soaps showed
better calcium tolerance and poorer foaming power than sodium oleate. The diethanolamides were inferior to lauroyl diethanolamide
in wetting and emulsifying power. The monoethanolamides were better than the respective diethanolamides and lauroyl diethanolamide
in wetting property. The diol and triol sulfates were poorer in wetting and emulsifying ability and better in calcium tolerance
than sodium lauryl sulfate. |
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Keywords: | C21 diacid C21 diol C22 triacid C22 triol ethanolamides soaps sulfates surfactant properties |
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