新一代诊断技术：CRISPR系统及其在分子诊断中的应用

作为新兴的基因编辑和调控工具，CRISPR系统具有高度的特异性、灵敏度和灵活性。除在基因编辑和改造方面有重要作用外，在传染病诊断、环境监测、食品安全检测等方面也有着良好的前景。随着CRISPR/Cas系统的深入研究，通过其高特异性识别目标序列和反式切割能力，已经建立了多种简便、灵敏的生物传感平台，解决了传统方法在操作、灵敏度、特异性及检测周期方面存在的不足。作者将主要介绍应用最广的两类CRISPR/Cas系统的特征和机制，总结了基于CRISPR/Cas系统开发的核酸、蛋白质和小分子物质构建的生物传感体系和未来发展方向。

Next Generation Diagnostic Technology: CRISPR System and Its Application in Molecular Diagnostics

As an emerging tool for gene editing and regulation, CRISPR system is characterized by its high specificity, sensitivity and flexibility. In addition to its important role in gene editing and modification, it also has a promising prospect in infectious disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring and food safety. With the intensive research of CRISPR/Cas system, a variety of simple and sensitive biosensing platforms have been established through its high specificity in identifying target sequences and trans-cleavage capabilities. The shortcomings of traditional methods in terms of operation, sensitivity, specificity and detection cycle have been addressed. In this review, we will focus on the features and mechanisms of the most widely used class 2 CRISPR/Cas systems and summarize CRISPR/Cas based biosensing strategies and future directions for nucleic acids, proteins and small molecules.