Tempering of steel during laser treatment |
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Authors: | H J Hegge H De Beurs J Noordhuis J Th M De Hosson |
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Affiliation: | (1) Shell Corporation, The Hague;(2) Philips Corporation, Drachten;(3) Department of Applied Physics, Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, 18 Nijenborgh, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | This study concentrates on the annealing effects of a laser-treated area by a successive laser pass in a plain carbon, a chromium,
and a tungsten steel. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), optical microscopy (OM), and wear and hardness measurements
revealed substantial effects on the properties and microstructure of the plain carbon and tungsten steel which have a partly
martensitic cellular structure after the first laser treatment. Close to the melt zone, martensite was again formed, whereas
further away, nucleation of carbides was observed. The hardness increased in the former area and decreased in the latter.
An analytical model sustained that the softening is due to carbon diffusion and martensite tempering. The softer zone in the
tungsten steel exhibited a decrease of wear rate relative to the not-annealed zone in contrast to the plain carbon steel.
Besides some diffusion, no annealing effects were found in the chromium steel which possessed an austenitic cellular structure
after the first laser treatment.
Formerly Graduate Students, Department of Applied Physics, Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen |
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