量子通信网络发展概述

量子通信是基于量子力学原理的安全通信技术，能保证通信双方信息传输在理论上的绝对安全性。近年来，该项技术及其工程实现受到美国、欧盟、中国、日本等诸多国家和地区的重视。随着该技术实用化的推进，量子通信正在由点对点通信应用走向网络化应用，包括局域网和广域网应用。覆盖全球的广域量子通信网也在研发之中。详细分析了目前世界主要国家试行的量子通信网络，并简述了各国的量子通信卫星研发计划。

Overview of the Development of Quantum Communication Networks

Quantum communication based on quantum mechanics is a secure communication technology, which can provide unconditional security between communication parties in principle. Recently, quantum communication technology and its practical engineering have been regarded by many counties and regions such as the US, European Union, China and Japan. With the engineering development of quantum communication technology, it has been progressing from point-to-point communications to network applications, including local area networks and wide area networks. Furthermore, global quantum communica- tion is developing. In the review, we summarize in detail the development of the quantum communication networks built by various countries, and introduce the plans of quantum satellites.