计及电动汽车充放电静态频率特性的负荷频率控制

目前对电动汽车参与电力系统调频的研究,主要集中在电动汽车作为分布式电源参与系统调频,而对电动汽车作为可控负荷参与系统调频的研究较少。但是,电动汽车作为分布式电源和可控负荷对其参与系统调频具有同等重要的作用。基于此,文中计及了电动汽车的充放电静态频率特性模型,在电力系统负荷扰动发生时,实现了对电动汽车充放电的协调控制,使其在分布式电源和可控负荷两个角色间合理转换。在此基础上,建立了计及电动汽车充放电的单区域系统负荷频率控制模型,并将该模型扩展为两区域互联系统。在MATLAB/Simulink中建模并进行仿真分析。算例结果表明,电动汽车作为分布式电源和可控负荷参与系统调频,不仅可以使系统频率调整速度更快,有效减小系统频率偏差,而且能减小传统调频机组的备用容量。

Load Frequency Control Considering Charging and Discharging Static Frequency Characteristics of Electric Vehicles

Currently, researches on electric vehicles for frequency regulation in power system, mainly regard them as distributed generation, while relatively few take them as controllable load. However, electric vehicles are equally important either as distributed generation or as controllable load in frequency regulation. Therefore, a model with charging and discharging static frequency characteristics of electric vehicles is developed first. Then, a charging and discharging coordinated control strategy for electric vehicles is proposed to realize their role conversion between distributed generation and controllable load. Finally, considering charging and discharging of electric vehicles, a load frequency control model each for single and two-area power systems is developed. A simulation study is carried out to demonstrate that electric vehicles for frequency regulation as distributed generation and controllable load, can not only effectively improve power system responsiveness and reduce frequency deviation, but also remarkably decrease the reserve capacity of traditional frequency regulation units.