地表测斜仪在监测复杂水力裂缝中的应用

通过压裂监测可以得到准确的裂缝参数,有助于指导和完善非常规资源的开发。本文详述了测斜仪压裂裂缝监测技术的原理,借鉴Okada线弹性理论和基于蒙特卡洛法的模拟退火反演方法,通过建立三种复杂裂缝模型,对各模型对应的地表倾斜场分别进行了正演模拟,对所得数据附加一定的随机噪声之后又运用基于复杂裂缝模型模拟退火的方法进行数据反演。结果显示,测斜仪监测方法能够较好地估计复杂裂缝的走向、倾角和体积分布等,弥补了微地震方法在说明监测有效压裂体积方面的不足,为使用微地震和测斜仪进行联合压裂监测提供了一种思路。

Application of surface tiltmeter in monitoring complicated hydraulic fractures

Hydraulic fracturing is a key technology to develop shale gas and tight sandstone gas. With hydraulic fracture monitoring, we can get the fracture shape and orientation, which could improve the pertinence of hydraulic fracturing and guide the oilfield development. This paper describes the theory of tiltmeter mapping; and by referencing Okada's linear elastic theory and simulated annealing inversion method based on Monte Carlo method, we build three kinds of complicated hydraulic fracture models to simulate and analyze the surface deformation. Simulation results suggest that tiltmeter mapping could give an accurate estimation of the direction, size and distribution of the fracturing and would make up for the insufficiency of micro seismic method in fracture monitoring simulated reservoir volume (SRV). This work provides a new train of thought for the joint monitoring using micro seismic and tiltmeter mapping.