一种堵水剂用交联剂的研制与性能评价

HPAM 凝胶是目前国内外采用最广泛、最有效的化学堵水剂,其中苯酚/甲醛体系是HPAM 凝胶类堵水剂最常用的交联剂。但是苯酚/甲醛交联剂气味和毒性较大,尤其是高致癌性,严重限制了其在现场的应用。针对这一问题,本文首先在室内合成了低毒无气味的水溶性羟甲基多酚THMBPA,然后以THMBPA 为交联剂主剂,以多乙烯多胺TET为交联剂辅剂,研究了部分水解的聚丙烯酰胺HPAM 与THMBPA/TET复合交联剂的凝胶动力学,考察了pH、复合交联剂配比、温度以及盐浓度对成胶时间和凝胶长期稳定性的影响。结果表明,在90 ℃和120℃下,该凝胶体系的成胶时间可在10~120h任意调节;凝胶长期耐温稳定性好,在120℃下凝胶可稳定存在90d,在90℃下可稳定存在100d;长砂管封堵驱油实验表明,该堵水剂具有良好的封堵能力,封堵率可达90.6%。

Development and Performance Evluation on a Crosslinker of Water Shutoff Agent

HPAM gel is the most widely used and most effective chemical water shutoff agent at home and abroad. Phenol/formaldehyde is commonly used for crosslinking agent of HPAM gel. However, its high toxicity，especially the carcinogenic，restricts its application severely in the oilfield. In this paper，a low toxicity crosslinking agent was synthesized firstly，and then the geation kinetic of HPAM crosslinking with the composite crosslinker was studied，in which THMBPA was the main crosslinking agent and polyethylene polyamine TET as assisting crosslinking agent. The influence of temperature，initial pH，composite crosslinker ratio and salt concentration on the gealtion time and long term stability were investgated. Experimental results showed that the gelation time of the gel system can be arbitrarily adjusted at the range of 10~120 h at 120 ℃，and gel could remain stable for 90 days at 120 ℃ and 100 days at 120 ℃. Long sand packed tube plugging experiments showed that the water shutoff agent had good sealing ability and plugging rate could reach 90.6%.