Bioactivities of crude caffeine: Antioxidant activity, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition, and enhanced glucose uptake |
| |
Authors: | Yi-Fang Chu Yumin ChenPeter H Brown Barbara J LyleRichard M Black Irene H ChengBoxin Ou Ronald L Prior |
| |
Affiliation: | a Kraft Foods Global Brands LLC, 801 Waukegan Road, Glenview, IL 60025, USA b Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, 155, Li-Nong Street, Section 2, Peitou, Taipei, Taiwan c Brunswick Laboratories, 50 Commerce Way, Norton, MA 02766, USA |
| |
Abstract: | Thousands of tons of crude caffeine are produced annually in the decaffeination of coffee. Crude caffeine is further purified to obtain pure caffeine, and the non-caffeine residue is typically discarded as waste. In the present study, we discovered that crude caffeine possessed unexpected bioactive properties. Crude caffeine had potent hydrophilic antioxidant activity (145 μmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/g) and lipophilic antioxidant activity (66 μmol TE/g). It also inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 with a higher potency (IC50, 20 μg/ml) than 2-acetoxybenzoic acid (aspirin, IC50, 190 μg/ml). Crude caffeine increased glucose uptake 1.45-fold in cultured human skeletal muscle cells and 2.20-fold in adipocytes. In contrast, pure caffeine, which accounts for approximately 90% of the crude caffeine mass, was found to possess negligible antioxidant activity and did not inhibit cyclooxygenase-2, nor stimulate glucose uptake. We believe crude caffeine has potential health benefits and may serve as a novel functional ingredient in the food industry. |
| |
Keywords: | ANOVA analysis of variance CE 5-O-caffeoyl quinic acid equivalents COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2 DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide HPLC high performance liquid chromatography IC50 half maximal inhibitory concentration ORAC oxygen radical absorbance capacity scCO2 supercritical carbon dioxide SD standard deviation TE Trolox equivalent |
本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录! |
|