基于遗传算法优化的水库多目标供水能力分析——以岳城水库为例

面对岳城水库供水结构发生的较大改变及漳河上游水资源情势的变化，本文将遗传算法与调度图相结合，以长系列等流量月调节计算为基础，提出了岳城水库多目标供水能力计算方法。按照供水目标优先级逐时段调节计算，通过分析多目标竞争关系，得到了符合相应目标保证率要求下的最大城镇可供水量，为水库多目标供水调度提供参考。结果表明，引入生态供水目标且优先保障，生态用水与城镇用水产生强竞争关系。优先考虑生态供水目标情景下水库城镇供水能力比不考虑生态目标情景下减少了1486万m3。农业灌溉供水保证率低于生态和城镇供水保证率，其竞争关系弱于前者，可通过优化灌溉供水调度线使水库综合供水能力达到最优。当农业灌溉保证率为55%时，岳城水库的综合供水能力达到最优，总供水量13381万m3，其中生态供水1516万m3、城镇供水5802万m3、农业灌溉供水6062万m3。研究成果为水库多目标供水设计提供参考方案。

Genetic algorithm optimization-based analysis on multi-objective water supply capacity of Yuecheng Ｒeservoir

Facing with both the change of the water supply structure of Yuecheng Ｒeservoir and the change of the upstream water resources situation of Zhang Ｒiver，a method for calculating the multi-objective water supply capacity of Yuecheng Ｒeservoir is put forward herein by means of combining genetic algorithm with the relevant operation chart on the basis of the calculation of long-time series equal-discharge monthly regulation． In accordance with the period-by-period regulation calculation of the priority of water supply target，the maximum available urban water supply under the requirement of the guarantee rate in line with the corresponding target is obtained through analyzing the related multi-objective competitive relationship，which can provide a reference for the multi-objective water supply scheduling of the reservoir． The result shows that a strong competitive relation between ecological water and urban water use is to be formed when ecological water supply target is introduced and preferentially guaranteed． Under the preferential consideration of the scenario of ecological water supply target，the urban water supply capacity of the reservoir is decreased by 14. 86 million m3 if compared with that under the scenario without the consideration of ecological target． The guarantee rate of agricultural irrigation water supply is lowered than the guarantee rates of both ecological and urban water supplies，while its competitive relation is weaker than the former，and then the comprehensive water supply capacity of reservoir can be optimized by optimizing the irrigation water supply dispatching line． When the agricultural irrigation guarantee rate is 55%，the comprehensive water supply capacity of Yuecheng Ｒeservoir reaches the optimal level with a total water supply of 133. 81 million m3 ，including 15. 16 million m3 for ecological water，58. 02 million m3 for urban water supply and 60. 62 million m3 for agricultural irrigation．