区块链在湛江进口水产品溯源的应用探索研究

近年来湛江口岸进口水产品不断增长, 有力地促进了地方经济发展。但进口水产品不合格情况时有发生, 把好进口食品安全关一直是海关的一项重要职责。特别是2020年以来新冠肺炎疫情的持续爆发, 确保进口水产品质量安全特别是做好产品溯源就显得尤为重要。本文重点通过对区块链技术的特点和作用进行分析, 结合湛江进口水产品溯源存在的问题, 将区块链技术与海关立体监管相结合, 探索建立海关区块链监管模型, 对区块链在湛江进口水产品溯源的应用可行性进行分析研究, 并构建包含生产企业、进出口商、第三方机构、物流、仓储、银行、保险等所有利益相关方的溯源监管体系, 最后提出相关应用探索方案, 以期为提高我国进口水产品质量和完善我国进口食品安全溯源管理体系建设提供一定参考。

Study on the application exploration of blockchain in traceability of imported aquatic products in Zhanjian

In recent years, the import of aquatic products at Zhanjiang port has continued to increase, which has effectively promoted the development of the local economy. However, unqualified imported aquatic products have occurred from time to time, and it has always been an important duty of the customs to control the safety of imported food. Especially with the continuous outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic situation since 2020, it is particularly important to ensure the quality and safety of imported aquatic products, especially the traceability of the products. This article focused on analyzing the characteristics and functions of blockchain technology, combining with the problems of traceability of imported aquatic products in Zhanjiang, combined blockchain technology with three-dimensional customs supervision, explored the establishment of customs blockchain supervision model, and analyzed and studied the feasibility of the application of blockchain in the traceability of imported aquatic products in Zhanjiang. The traceability supervision system including production enterprises, importers and exporters, third-party institutions, logistics, warehousing, banking, insurance and other stakeholders was constructed. Finally, relevant application exploration schemes were put forward, and it was expected to provide some reference for improving the quality of imported products and perfecting the construction of imported food safety traceability management system.