三代压水堆核电厂稳压器快速卸压系统功能扩展研究

我国某三代压水堆核电厂设置了稳压器快速卸压系统用于严重事故下一回路快速卸压，本文以该核电厂为研究对象，基于概率安全分析（PSA）应用于核电厂设计改进中的一般方法和流程，围绕将稳压器快速卸压系统功能扩展到一回路充排卸压操作，作为稳压器安全阀卸压备用手段这一改进方案，开展PSA建模分析和可行性评价及论证。结果表明，这一改进方案可以大幅度降低核电厂的堆芯损伤频率，且未新增负面效应，是可行的，可予以实施。建议核电厂充分挖掘现有系统设备潜能，进一步提高核电厂的安全性和经济性。 

Effects of Internal Leakage Pathwayon Main Control Room Habitable Dose in Accident Condition of Nuclear Power Plants

In order to fully consider the effects of internal leakage pathway on the radiation safety of the operators in the main control room habitable area during potential accident condition, a radioactive material migration model is established and compartment model is modified considering internal leakage pathways in this paper. The radioactivity in the main control room habitable area and the surrounding non-habitable area is analyzed, and the habitable doses of the operators in the main control room of a nuclear power plant in China are assessed in this paper. At the same time, the sensitivity analysis for the leakage rate of the penetrations is also performed. The results show that: the effective dose and the thyroid equivalent dose of the operators in the habitable area of the main control room calculated by considering the internal leakage pathways method are 8.704 times and 120.749 times of the calculation results without considering the internal leakage pathways. The effective dose increase and the thyroid equivalent dose increase caused by the inhalation pathway are particularly significant. The effective dose is 0.628 mSv and the thyroid equivalent dose is 6.32 mSv which are lower than the limits in HAD 002/01-2019. The sensitivity analysis shows that in the potential accident condition, the effective dose and thyroid equivalent dose of the operators in the main control room habitable area show a clear linear proportional relationship with the penetration rate of penetrations. The research results in this paper provide suggestions for the improvement of the radiation protection design of the main control room and penetrations of nuclear power plants in China.