中国首台F级50 MW重型燃气轮机的自主研制

以发电和驱动为主要功能的燃气轮机是涉及能源领域和国防建设的战略性装备,由于燃气轮机的研制涉及气动、传热、燃烧、结构、强度、材料、控制、精密制造等技术的极限,因而被誉为装备制造业“皇冠上的明珠”。我国的燃气轮机目前主要依赖进口,可以转让的技术主要局限在冷端部件制造和整机装配等低附加值部分,而燃气轮机设计、热部件制造、控制系统等核心技术则被严密封锁,致使国内燃气轮机制造产业利润偏低、燃气轮机用户设备投资和运维费用高昂,严重制约了我国燃气轮机产业及天然气发电产业的健康发展。为此,介绍了中国东方电气集团有限公司东方汽轮机有限公司（以下简称东汽）历经10余年完成的国内首台F级50 MW重型燃气轮机的自主研发历程、该型机组的参数和技术特点,以及关键设计、试验和制造技术,总结了重型燃气轮机设计、制造、试验方面的经验。结论认为,经过压气机、燃烧器、透平等关键部件试验验证以及整机的试验验证,东汽建立了F级重型燃气轮机的全过程研发能力,填补了国内F级重型燃气轮机技术体系的空白,不仅为培育我国自主燃气轮机产业奠定了坚实的基础,同时也为天然气发电产业的发展提供了有力的保障。

Independent development of the first F-class 50 MW heavy-duty gas turbine in China

A gas turbine mainly for power drive and electricity generation is a strategic equipment related to national defense construction and energy field. Its development involves the limits of pneumatic, heat transfer, combustion, structure, strength, materials, control, precision manufacturing and other technologies, so it is known as the "pearl on the crown" of manufacturing industry. At present, most heavy-duty gas turbines rely mainly on imports and technologies that can be transferred are mainly limited in low value-added parts such as cold end parts manufacturing and whole machine assembly, however, the core technologies of gas turbine design, hot parts manufacturing and control system are strictly blocked. As a result, the low profit of domestic gas turbine manufacturing industry and high equipment investment and operation and maintenance costs of gas turbine users have seriously restricted the healthy development of gas turbine industry and natural gas power generation industry in China. In this regard, this paper mainly introduces the development process, the parameters and technical characteristics, as well as the key design, tests and manufacturing technologies of the first F-class 50 MW heavy-duty gas turbine in China, completed by the Dongfang Turbine Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Dongfang Electric) after more than ten years of development and summarizes the experience in design, manufacture and test of the heavy-duty gas turbines. It is concluded that through the test verification of compressors, combustors, turbines and other key components, and the whole machine, Dongfang Electric has established the whole-process research and development capability of F-class heavy-duty gas turbines, filling the gap in the domestic F-class gas turbine technology system, which not only lays a solid foundation for cultivating China's independent large-scale gas turbine industry, but provides a strong guarantee for the development of natural gas power generation industry.