南黄海海相油气地震勘探关键技术突破及应用

南黄海盆地发育厚度大、分布广的中生代—古生代海相地层，是油气勘探开发的重要对象，然而受地质条件复杂、地震采集环境恶劣等因素的影响，地震成像品质不佳的问题突出，制约了该区油气勘探的进程。为了破解上述技术难题，通过开展科研攻关，形成了南黄海盆地中生界—古生界地震资料采集、处理与综合解释等3项关键技术系列。研究结果表明：①通过立体地震资料采集、 广角反射地震信号提取、广角反射波成像处理、地震综合解释等技术以及海上试验应用，获得了该盆地中部隆起和北部坳陷海相下构造层的有效反射和成像，满足了地质科学研究和地震成像的要求；②取得了对南黄海盆地海相下构造层分布、构造特征等的一系列重要新认识，为该盆地海相地层油气资源潜力评价及勘探指明了方向；③在此基础上，提出了CSDP-2科学钻探井位，在海相中生界—古生界中钻遇厚度较大的烃源岩和多套储层油气显示，证实了该项技术的可靠性。结论认为，该项地震勘探关键技术可以为南黄海盆地海相地层的油气勘探提供技术支撑，应用前景广阔，并由此坚定了在该盆地进行海相油气勘探的信心。

Breakthrough and application of key technologies for the seismic exploration of marine oil and gas in the South Yellow Sea

In the South Yellow Sea Basin develop thick and extensive Mesozoic–Paleozoic marine strata, which are the important targets of oil and gas exploration and development. Due to complex geological conditions and harsh seismic acquisition environment, however, seismic imaging quality is poor, which restricts the oil and gas exploration process in this area. In order to solve these technological difficulties, this paper developed three key technological series of seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation for the Mesozoic–Paleozoic marine strata in the South Yellow Sea Basin by carrying out a series of researches. And the following research results were obtained. First, effective reflection and imaging of the marine lower structural layer in the central uplift and the northern depression of the South Yellow Sea Basin is realized by means of stereoscopic seismic data acquisition, wide-angle reflection seismic signal extraction, wide-angle reflection wave imaging processing and comprehensive seismic interpretation and their offshore test and application, so as to meet the requirements of geological study and seismic imaging. Second, a series of new important understandings are obtained on the distribution and structural characteristics of the marine lower structural layer in the South Yellow Sea, which points out the direction in the potential evaluation and exploration of marine oil and gas resources in the South Yellow Sea Basin. Third, on this basis, CSDP-2 scientific drilling well location is proposed, which is verified to be reliable by the thicker source rocks drilled in the Mesozoic–Paleozoic marine strata and the oil and gas shows in multiple reservoirs. In conclusion, these key seismic exploration technologies provide technological support for the oil and gas exploration in the marine strata of the South Yellow Sea Basin and their application prospect is promising. The research results strengthen the confidence of the marine oil and gas exploration in the South Yellow Sea.