典型Cu-Ni-P合金体系物相提取合成多孔结构Ni-P颗粒

基于不同Ni、P原子比设计合成了Cu-Ni-P系列合金，并针对其特有的微观组织及物相提取过程进行了研究。研究发现，Cu-xNi-4.5P合金铸锭内含有Cu和多种Ni-P物相，如Ni₅P₄、Ni₁₂P₅及Ni₃P。经过熔体旋淬处理后，其薄带试样中磷化物主要以Ni₁₂P₅和Ni₃P形式存在。此外，对比发现，合金内镍含量的增加在一定程度上促使了磷化物相的粗化。通过调控合金的凝固行为及物相提取工艺，可获得多级孔结构的Ni-P颗粒，其孔洞是由于腐蚀过程中铜基体、共晶组织内及固溶部分的铜被去除而形成的。通过对典型合金进行物相提取，实现了可控合成磷化物，这对于拓展功能性磷化物的应用具有促进作用。

Novel Synthesis of Multistage Porous Ni-P Particles Through Cu-Ni-P Alloys

Cu-Ni-P alloys with different atomic ratios of Ni:P (2:1, 3:1, 4:1 and 5:1) were designed, and the microstructure characteristics and phase extraction treatments of ingots and melt-spun ribbons were discussed. Results show that Cu-xNi-4.5P ingots are composed of Cu and multiple Ni-P phases, including Ni₅P₄, Ni₁₂P₅ and Ni₃P. With melt-spun process, the phosphides mainly exist in the form of Ni₁₂P₅ and Ni₃P compounds. Meanwhile, further increasing nickel concentration of alloys can cause the structure-coarsening of phosphides in some degree. By controlling the solidification behavior and phase extraction process, Ni-P particles with multistage pore structure can be obtained, in which the pores are formed due to the etching of Cu dendrites and Cu existing in eutectic structure and solid solution region. Thus, phase extraction from metallic alloys provides a new controllable method to synthesize functional multistage porous phosphides.