黄芪茎叶的安全性毒理学评价

为评价黄芪茎叶的急性毒性、遗传毒性及亚慢性毒性，为黄芪茎叶安全应用提供实验依据，采用国家标准食品安全性毒理学评价程序和方法标准对黄芪茎叶进行急性经口毒性试验、三项遗传毒性试验及90 d亚慢性毒性试验研究。发现雌雄大小鼠急性经口LD50>250.00 g/kg BW，属实际无毒级。三项遗传毒性试验结果显示检测结果均为阴性，未见致突变作用。大鼠90 d经口毒性试验显示，试验期间各组动物生长发育良好，未见中毒表现和体征，大鼠眼部检查、体重、增重、进食量、食物利用率、血液学及血生化、尿常规、脏器重量及脏体比等指标均未见损害性影响，解剖及组织学观察也未见明显与试验因素有关的病理组织学变化，未观察到有害作用剂量为15.00 g/kg BW。结果表明黄芪茎叶在本条件剂量下安全无毒。

Evaluation of Acute Oral Toxicity, Genetic Toxicity, and Subchronic Toxicity of Astragalus Stem and Leaf

To provide scientific bases for the safe application of Astragalus stem and leaf, acute oral toxicity, genetic toxicity, and 90-day subchronic toxicity tests were performed, following standard procedures for toxicological safety evaluation of food, in mice and rats. The acute oral LD50 of male and female mice and rats was more than 250.00 g/kg BW, indicating that the stem and leaf of Astragalus are non-toxic. Results obtained from all the three genotoxicity tests indicate that the stem and leaf of Astragalus are non-toxic; in addition, mutagenicity was not detected. In the 90-day oral toxicity test, all the rats in each treatment group grew well, and no symptoms of poisoning were observed. There was no significant difference in eye performance, body weight, weight gain, food intake, food utilization efficiency, hematology, blood biochemistry, urine chemistry, organ weight, and organ/body weight ratio and no obvious histopathological changes were found. A dose of 15.00 g/kg BW was found to have no harmful effects on the experimental animals. Results showed the doses of Astragalus stem and leaf used in this study to safe and non-toxic. The findings of this research will provide toxicological data, which can indicate the safe consumption of this product.