天然气管道气体泄漏扩散过程研究

天然气管道发生气体泄漏将造成一定的危险范围。通过对泄漏气体扩散边界的研究，可确定泄漏气体扩散形成的危险域。研究得到，提高风速或气体泄放速度均会加大气体扩散速度，而使沿下风向的扩散浓度减小。将风速和气体泄放速度分别提高20%，风速对气体扩散速度的影响较大，而泄放速度对气体扩散浓度的影响较大。风速加大，泄漏危险域减小；风速减小，气体受浮力作用较明显，泄漏危险域变大。该研究成果可对泄漏气体扩散的危险域进行有效预测，有助于预防泄漏重大事故的发生。

DIFFUSION PROCESS OF LEAKAGE GAS CAUSED BY PIPELINE ACCIDENTS

The leakage of natural gas pipeline will result in a certain hazardous zone. The hazardous zone caused by the diffusion of leakage gas was determined via researches on the diffusion boundary of the released gas. The research results showed that the boosted wind speed or the velocity of gas leakage accelerated the gas diffusion, and the diffused gas concentration to the leeward side was decreased. After increasing the wind speed and the velocity of gas leakage by 20% respectively, the wind speed had maximum influences on the gas diffusion velocity, whilst the leakage velocity had major influences on the released gas concentration. The higher the wind speed was, the smaller the leakage hazardous zone would be. When the wind speed became smaller, the leakage hazardous zone would be enlarged as the gas was obviously affected by buoyancy. This paper concludes the research results can effectively predict the hazardous zone of the diffusion of the released gas and will be a great help in avoiding the life and death pipeline leakage accidents.