再论黄河下游游荡性河道双向整治方案

从小浪底水库运用后河道整治面临的新问题:研究了宽河固堤(微弯整治)、窄河固堤与双岸整治形成的特定的历史背景,其整治目的与要求有所不同。微弯整治是在防洪抢险整治基础上演变的,使河道的游荡范围有所减小,防洪安全性有所提高。但微弯整治在下游游荡性河道极为宽浅,多条流路中选择一条典型流路作为规划治导线,通过人工造弯,试图形成人工控制的弯曲性河流,具有一定的盲目性;窄河固堤的思想是在新的历史条件下,从社会发展,经济效益等多方面分析后提出的;双向整治是基于对黄河窄深河道泄洪输沙能力、过洪机理,淤滩刷槽之间没有联系的认识基础上提出的。小浪底水库泥沙多年调节,优化了来水来沙条件,通过黄河实测资料分析与动床模型试验证明双向整治对游荡河道治理有效,是形成窄深河槽,稳定主槽,保证防洪安全与提高河道的输沙能力所必须。为充分利用洪水,长距离输沙入海,实现下游主槽不淤高的目标提供了可能。

Research on two-bank training strategy for wandering channels of Lower Yellow River

Facing the new river training problems after the commissioning of Xiaolangdi Project,this paper analyzes the specific historical backgrounds,different objectives and requirements of three river training strategies,i.e.,the strategy of wide channel to secure the banks(minor curvature treatment),the strategy of narrowing the channel to secure the banks,and the strategy of two-bank training.The minor curvature treatment strategy has been evolved from the flood protection and emergency management,and it reduces...