固态渗透预处理对冻干芒果加工过程减排、资源消耗及产品品质的影响

降耗减排已成为食品加工产业的发展趋势，液态渗透预处理在冻干水果加工过程中可有效节能，而固态渗透的作用还有待发掘。本实验对比了固、液两种渗透前处理方式对冻干芒果加工过程中的废液、资源消耗及产品品质的影响。结果表明：对比液态渗透（加入等质量的质量分数60%蔗糖溶液，L60），两组固态渗透（蔗糖添加量分别为30%、40%,S30、S40）处理过程中废液排放量分别明显减少61.00%和51.71%、蔗糖使用量分别减少50.01%和33.24%、废液化学需氧量分别减少60.13%和41.83%。相比未渗透样品，S30、S40和L60样品加工过程中碳排放量分别减少了10.59%、12.21%和8.80%。相比液态渗透组，固态渗透组样品在渗透阶段活性物质（总酚和VC）保留率较低，但在冻干阶段活性物质保留率较高。冻干后，固态渗透组样品组织结构收缩，无坍塌现象。在可持续发展趋势下，固态渗透在节能减排方面比液态渗透更具优势，值得进一步深入研究与探索。

Effect of Solid-State Osmotic Pretreatment on Emission Reduction,Resource Consumption and Product Quality in the Processing of Freeze-Dried Mango

Consumption and emission reduction has become an inevitable trend in the development the food processing industry. While liquid-state osmotic pretreatment can save energy effectively in freeze-dried fruit processing, there is still a need to explore the effect of solid-state osmotic pretreatment. The effects of solid- and liquid-state osmotic pretreatment on waste liquid, resource consumption and product quality in the processing of freeze-dried mango were compared in this study. Results showed that compared with liquid-state infiltration (sucrose concentration of 60%, and solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:1; designated as L60), solid-state infiltration with sucrose concentration of 30% and 40% (designated as S30 and S40, respectively) significantly reduced the waste liquid discharge by 61.00% and 51.71%, the consumption of sucrose by 50.01% and 33.24%, and the total chemical oxygen demand of waste liquid by 60.13% and 41.83%, respectively. Compared with non-osmosed samples, the carbon emission of S30, S40 and L60 during processing was reduced by 10.59%, 12.21% and 8.80%, respectively. Compared with the liquid-state osmosis group, the solid-state osmosis group had lower nutrient retention (total phenolics and VC) during osmosis, but higher nutrient retention during lyophilization. After freeze-drying, the structure of the solid-state osmosis group was shrunk without collapse. In the trend of sustainable development, solid-state osmosis is superior to liquid-state osmosis in energy conservation and emission reduction, which is worthy of further research and exploration.