Study of safety features and accident scenarios in a fusion DEMO reactor |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan;2. Fusion for Energy, c/o EFDA Garching and Max-Plank-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, Garching D-85748, Germany;3. Toshiba Corporation, Yokohama, Kanagawa 235-8523, Japan;4. Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan;5. IFERC Project Team, Rokkasho, Aomori 039-3212, Japan;6. Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan;1. Korea Atomic Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea;2. National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea;1. ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France;2. Frazer-Nash Consultancy Ltd., Stonebridge House, Dorking Business Park, Dorking, Surrey RH4 1HJ, UK;3. Comex-Nucleaire, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France;4. Fusion for Energy, Josep Pla, 2, Torres Diagonal Litoral B3, Barcelona E-08019, Spain;1. Dipartimento Energia, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy;2. EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, UK;3. Association EURATOM-TEKES, University of Helsinki, PO Box 64, 00560 Helsinki, Finland;4. Association EURATOM-MESCS, Reactor Physics Division, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia;5. Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla Fusione, Via Enrico Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Rome, Italy;1. EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, UK;2. Now at College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA;1. IFMIF Accelerator Facility Development Group, Directorates of Fusion Energy Research, JAEA, Japan;2. Photo Medical Research Center, JAEA, Japan;3. Directorates of Fusion Energy Research, JAEA, Japan |
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| Abstract: | After the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear accident, a need for assuring safety of fusion energy has grown in the Japanese (JA) fusion research community. DEMO safety research has been launched as a part of Broader Approach DEMO Design Activities (BA-DDA). This paper reports progress in the fusion DEMO safety research conducted under BA-DDA. Safety requirements and evaluation guidelines have been, first of all, established based on those established in the Japanese ITER site invitation activities. The radioactive source terms and energies that can mobilize such source terms have been assessed for a reference DEMO concept. This concept employs in-vessel components that are cooled by pressurized water and built of a low activation ferritic steel (F82H), contains solid pebble beds made of lithium-titanate (Li2TiO3) and beryllium–titanium (Be12Ti) for tritium breeding and neutron multiplication, respectively. It is shown that unlike the energies expected in ITER, the enthalpy in the first wall/blanket cooling loops is large compared to the other energies expected in the reference DEMO concept. Reference accident event sequences in the reference DEMO in this study have been analyzed based on the Master Logic Diagram and Functional Failure Mode and Effect Analysis techniques. Accident events of particular concern in the DEMO have been selected based on the event sequence analysis and the hazard assessment. |
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| Keywords: | DEMO Safety Source term analysis Accident scenario analysis |
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