Morphology control of amino acid particles in interfacial crystallization using inkjet nozzle

The aim of this study is to apply the inkjet technique to liquid–liquid interfacial crystallization. Instillation with an inkjet nozzle was compared with the batch process in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the inkjet technique for controlling particle morphology. The effects of amino acid solution concentration and organic solvent type on particle properties were investigated for instillation with an inkjet nozzle. The morphology of alanine and glycine particles was observed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. The inner structure of alanine and glycine particles was investigated by cutting particles with an ion milling machine. Controlling particle size by adjusting the droplet size in the instillation with an inkjet nozzle was found to be feasible. Most alanine and glycine particles produced by instillation were spherical, whereas most particles produced by the batch process were non-spherical. A higher concentration of amino acid in the solution may lead to the generation of solute particles at the spherical interface. It was found that the surface structure of alanine particles changed when using two kinds of organic solvents as anti-solvents. In addition, instillation allowed for β-glycine to be identified and the crystal polymorph of the particles to be controlled.