Dust tracking techniques applied to the STARDUST facility: First results |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Associazione EURATOM-ENEA, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;2. Grupo de Tratamiento de Imágenes, E.T.S.I de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain;3. EURATOM/CCFE Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, United Kingdom;4. Video Processing and Understanding Laboratory, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain;1. National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia;2. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA;3. Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Japan;4. EURATOM/ENEA Fusion Association, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy;1. Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Rokkasyo-mura, Kamikita-gun, Aomori 039-3212, Japan;2. Research Institute of Nuclear Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukui 914-0055, Japan;3. Tokai University, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan;1. International Fusion Energy Research Centre (IFERC) for Broader Approach, Rokkasho, Japan;2. Power Plant Physics and Technology, European Fusion Development Agreement (EFDA), Garching, Germany;3. Fusion Research and Development Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Rokkasho, Japan;1. ITER Organization, Route de Vinon sur Verdon, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France;2. Frazer-Nash Consultancy Ltd., Stonebridge House, Dorking Business Park, Dorking, Surrey RH4 1HJ, UK;3. Comex-Nucleaire, 13115 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France;4. Fusion for Energy, Josep Pla, 2, Torres Diagonal Litoral B3, Barcelona E-08019, Spain;1. Dipartimento Energia, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy;2. EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, UK;3. Association EURATOM-TEKES, University of Helsinki, PO Box 64, 00560 Helsinki, Finland;4. Association EURATOM-MESCS, Reactor Physics Division, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia;5. Associazione EURATOM-ENEA sulla Fusione, Via Enrico Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Rome, Italy |
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| Abstract: | An important issue related to future nuclear fusion reactors fueled with deuterium and tritium is the creation of large amounts of dust due to several mechanisms (disruptions, ELMs and VDEs). The dust size expected in nuclear fusion experiments (such as ITER) is in the order of microns (between 0.1 and 1000 μm). Almost the total amount of this dust remains in the vacuum vessel (VV). This radiological dust can re-suspend in case of LOVA (loss of vacuum accident) and these phenomena can cause explosions and serious damages to the health of the operators and to the integrity of the device. The authors have developed a facility, STARDUST, in order to reproduce the thermo fluid-dynamic conditions comparable to those expected inside the VV of the next generation of experiments such as ITER in case of LOVA. The dust used inside the STARDUST facility presents particle sizes and physical characteristics comparable with those that created inside the VV of nuclear fusion experiments. In this facility an experimental campaign has been conducted with the purpose of tracking the dust re-suspended at low pressurization rates (comparable to those expected in case of LOVA in ITER and suggested by the General Safety and Security Report ITER-GSSR) using a fast camera with a frame rate from 1000 to 10,000 images per second. The velocity fields of the mobilized dust are derived from the imaging of a two-dimensional slice of the flow illuminated by optically adapted laser beam. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the possibility of dust tracking by means of image processing with the objective of determining the velocity field values of dust re-suspended during a LOVA. |
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| Keywords: | Nuclear fusion plants Security Safety Dust tracking Computer vision Particle image velocimetry (PIV) |
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