静电纺聚乳酸纳米纤维的制备及其孔结构调控

为了调控聚乳酸(PLA)纳米纤维的孔结构，采用静电纺丝技术，以PLA母粒为原料，三氯甲烷(CF)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)按一定比例混合的溶液为溶剂，制备了平均直径在1.37μm的PLA纳米纤维，并对其结构进行表征。结果表明，PLA纳米纤维的平均直径随着纺丝液中CF含量、聚合物浓度、环境湿度的增加而增大；随纺丝电压和灌注速度的增大而呈减小的趋势。同时，环境湿度对纤维表面孔结构有显著影响。随着湿度的增加，纤维表面孔的分布密度增加，且形状由圆形转变为椭圆形。此外，与表面光滑的PLA纳米纤维(2.4 m²/g)相比，所制备的PLA多孔纤维的比表面积提升了10倍(24.0 m²/g)。

Preparation and pore structure regulation of electrospun polylactic acid nanofibers

To regulate the pore structure of poly（lactic acid） （PLA） nanofibers， the nanofibers with an average diameter of 1.37 μm were prepared through electrospinning using PLA masterbatch as a raw material and the chloroform （CF）/N， N⁃dimethylformamide solution as a solvent， and their structures were investigated. The results indicated that the average diameter of the resultant nanofibers increased with an increase in the CF content， polymer concentration， and ambient humidity. With improving the spinning voltage and the filling speed， the average diameter tended to decrease. Meanwhile， environmental humidity has a significant effect on the pore structure of the fiber surface. The distribution density of pores on the fiber surface increased with an increase in humidity， and the shape varied from round to oval. In addition， the specific surface area of the as⁃prepared porous fiber was increased by 10 times （24.0 m²/g） compared to that of the PLA nanofibers with a smooth surface （2.4 m²/g）.