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Real-time change detection in data streams with FPGAs
Affiliation:1. Asociación EURATOM/CIEMAT para Fusión, Avda. Complutense, 22, 28040 Madrid, Spain;2. Departamento de Informática y Automática, UNED, Madrid, Spain;3. Grupo de Investigación en Instrumentación y Acústica Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain;4. Associazione EURATOM-ENEA per la Fusione, Consorzio RFX, I-35127 Padova, Italy;1. General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, USA;2. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;3. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;1. Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China;2. School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China;3. Department of Computer Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China;1. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2147, Valparaíso, Chile;2. Departamento de Informática y Automática, UNED, 28040 Madrid, Spain;3. Asociación EURATOM/CIEMAT para Fusión, Avd. Complutense 22, 28040 Madrid, Spain;4. Departamento de Arquitectura de Computadores y Automática, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;2. College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;1. Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA;2. Princeton H.S., Princeton, NJ 08540, USA;3. Nova Photonics, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
Abstract:The automatic recognition of changes in data streams is useful in both real-time and off-line data analyses. This article shows several effective change-detecting algorithms (based on martingales) and describes their real-time applicability in the data acquisition systems through the use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). The automatic event recognition system is absolutely general and it does not depend on either the particular event to detect or the specific data representation (waveforms, images or multidimensional signals). The developed approach provides good results for change detection in both the temporal evolution of profiles and the two-dimensional spatial distribution of volume emission intensity. The average computation time in the FPGA is 210 μs per profile.
Keywords:Event detection  Real-time  Exchangeability  Martingale  FPGA  FlexRIO
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