黄河下游河道近代纵剖面的形成与发展

本文研究的黄河下游河道近代纵剖面是指1855年铜瓦厢决口以来的河道纵剖面。文章叙述了纵剖面形成的历史背景及其再塑造,东坝头以下河道冲积扇的发展,生产堤对纵剖面发展的影响和河道萎缩对纵剖面调整的影响;对比了黄河下游目前和铜瓦厢决口前的纵剖面。文章指出目前黄河下游河道纵剖面还未达到明清故道的纵剖面,东坝头以下河段纵剖面的调整仍将剧烈进行。黄河下游河道纵剖面在今后相当长时期内将自上而下逐渐接近平衡纵剖面。

Formation and evolution of the longitudinal profile of the Lower Yellow River in modern times

The formation of the modern longitudinal profile began after the famous embankment breach and changing of river course at Tongwaxiang in 1855.The paper illustrates the historical background and fluvial processes of the new profile,analyses the development of alluvial fan downstream the breach,studies the impacts of the secondary levees and channel shrinkage on the evolution of the profile and compares the modern longitudinal profile with that before the breach.The paper pointed out that the modern profile has not recovered yet to that before the breach.The strong rising of longitudinal profile downstream the breach would still be going on,and the equilibrium state of the longitudinal profile might be reached from upper to its mouth after a long time period.