精密和超精密加工技术的新进展

精密和超精密加工技术的发展,直接影响尖端技术和国防工业的发展。世界各国都极为重视,投入很大力量进行开发研究,故近年来发展迅速。本文介绍了国内外精密和超精密加工技术各主要领域的最新进展:精密和超精密机床的新发展,超精密切削机理和金刚石刀具的研究,精密镜面磨削和研磨技术的新发展,非球曲面精加工技术的发展以及微型机械制造中的精微加工技术的发展;提出我国应重视精密加工的研究,加大投入,加速提高我国精密和超精密加工技术水平。

New Developments of Precision and Ultra-Precision Manufacturing Technology

Precision and ultra-precision manufacturing technology have great in fluence on the developments of national defence industry and high technique, the refore many countries pay great attention to its developments. In this paper, ne w developments in the main areas of precision and ultra-precision manufacturing technology are given: precision and ultra-precision machine tools, ultra-preci si on cutting mechnism with single point diamond tools, precision mirror surface gr inding, p recision lapping, precision machining of non-sphrical surfaces and free-curved surfaces and precision machining of micro-machines. It has been pointed out th at the p recision and ultra-precision manufacturing technology are very important to our country, therefore we must pay great attention to its developments.