显微视觉系统中自动聚焦算法的研究

针对自动聚焦过程中的聚焦评价函数、聚焦窗口、搜索算法进行了研究。首先改进了Robert函数增加了聚焦评价函数的陡峭度；其次针对固定聚焦窗口无法准确找到聚焦物体的缺点，提出了一种动态选择聚焦窗口的方法，该方法将图像分块，利用不同子块的梯度变化程度区分物体和背景，该方法更具适应性；进而提出了大步长和小步长相结合的爬山搜索算法，经过改进后的爬山搜索算法能更准确地找到焦平面；最后通过自行研发的显微视觉系统验证了所提自动聚焦方案的有效性。

Study on auto-focusing algorithm of micro-vision system

For the focus evaluation function, focus window and focus searching algorithm in auto-focusing processing are researched. Firstly, the Robert function has been improved as the evaluation function to increase the steepness. Secondly, for the fixed focusing window cannot find focusing objects accurately, a new method of dynamic selection focusing window is proposed, which divides the image into blocks, and uses the gradient variation of different sub-blocks to distinguish the objects and the background, the method is more adaptive. Then, the improved mountain climbing method which combines the large step and small step has been proposed, and the micro-vision system can find the focal plane more accurately by this method. Finally, experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.