明渠干支河流直角交汇区整流方法探讨

由于便利的水运条件，有相当一部分重要的城市和乡镇位于河流交汇处，但由于交汇水流结构的复杂性，在交汇区常形成冲击河岸和泥沙淤积等一系列问题，因而对交汇区水流进行有效地整治是非常必要的。本文利用数值模拟试验，对入汇角为90°的河流交汇处产生的分离区水流特征进行了研究，并在此基础上提出了一种可以减小或消除分离区的优化堤线的整流方案，即优化后的堤线满足椭圆方程，椭圆长半轴长度为分离区长度，短半轴为分离区宽度，以改善交汇区的泥沙淤堵及水位抬高等灾害问题。通过对不同干支流动量比堤线整流效果对比分析，结果表明：当动量比M*=0.40时得出的椭圆型堤线为最佳整流方案。

Study on the regulation method in right-angled river confluence

At river confluence, water transportation is convenient, so it is easy to build cities and towns. However, flow structure in junction zone is relatively complex, there are a series of questions such as bank erosion and sediment deposition. So it is necessary to regulate confluence flow. The characteristics of separation zone at 90° river confluence were studied in the study by numerical simulation, and a kind of regulation method of optimizing dike lines to reduce or eliminate separation zone was proposed. The dike line meets the elliptic equation, the ellipse semi-major axis is length of the separation zone, the ellipse semi-minor axis is width of the separation zone. The results indicated that the optimized dike line is the best regulation method when the momentum ratio is 0.40.