基于结构-工艺协同优化的车门外板冲压成形

目的实现铝合金车门外板结构与冲压成形工艺参数的协同优化,解决零件冲压成形时破裂与过度减薄等问题。方法从材料流动与应力分布等角度入手,对车门的尺寸和形状参数进行优化,同时利用有限元分析软件AutoForm来获取一组最优的冲压工艺参数组合,最终通过产品的工厂试制进行验证。结果铝合金车门外板的冲压成形性大幅度提升,解决了车门外板冲压成形破裂等问题。结论研究结果对大型车身覆盖件的结构设计与冲压工艺有重要的指导意义。

Stamping and Forming of Outer Door Panel Based on Structure-process Synergistic Optimization

The paper aims to solve the problems of cracking and excessive thinning during stamping and forming of parts through synergistically optimizing structure of aluminum alloy outer door panel and parameters of stamping forming process. This study optimized the size and shape parameters of the door from the perspectives of material flow and stress distribution, and used the finite element analysis software AutoForm to obtain a set of optimal stamping process parameter combinations, which were finally verified by factory trial production. The stamping formability of the aluminum alloy outer door panel was greatly improved. It solved the cracking of the door outer panel during stamping and forming. The research results have important guiding significance for the structural design and stamping process of large body panels.