实心边框铝型材挤压数值模拟与模具结构优化

目的针对汽车用某实心边框铝型材出口流速不均匀的现象,改进模具的工作带、阻流块和促流角结构。方法运用专业铝型材挤压成形有限元软件系统,对型材的挤压过程进行分析,模拟稳态挤压成形过程,以速度相对差作为衡量速度均匀程度的指标。结果初始模具结构挤出的型材流速不均匀。通过改变工作带长度、增设阻流块以及增加促流角的方法,使得模具出口处的金属流速变得均匀。结论改进后模具所受的压力更小,可以减小模具的磨损,增加模具寿命,模拟结果与实验吻合。

Numerical Simulation of Solid Aluminum Profile Extrusion and Optimization of Die Structure

The paper aims to improve the working belt, flow block and flow angle of mold to solve the uneven flow at the exit of a certain solid aluminum for vehicle. This paper used the professional aluminum profile extrusion forming finite element software system to analyze the extrusion process of the profile and simulate the steady extrusion process. The relative speed dif-ference was used as an index to measure the speed uniformity. The profile flow rate extruded by the initial mold structure was not uniform. The metal flow rate at the exit of the mold was made uniform by changing the length of the working belt, adding a chock block, and increasing the flow angle. The improved mold is subjected to less pressure, which can reduce the wear of the mold and increase the life of the mold. The simulation results are in agreement with the experiment.