引黄生态补水对官厅水库水质时空分布影响及污染源解析

为探讨引黄生态补水对官厅水库水质时空分布的影响，本文对官厅水库2015—2020年9个断面的8项污染物指标监测数据，采用系统聚类法进行时空聚类，分析了引黄生态补水与水库水质时空变化的关系，并对官厅水库进行水质评价，研究各断面水质指标年际变化特征及进行污染源解析。结果表明：官厅水库入库水质与出库水质、库区水质具有明显的时空差异；妫水河上游来水以3年为时间节点，水质从Ⅳ类提升至Ⅲ类；永定河入库水质以两年为节点呈波动性好转；引黄生态补水进一步降低了永定河入库水体TN和NO^-₃-N的浓度，但对库区水质变化尚未产生显著影响，官厅水库库区水质符合地表水Ⅳ类标准。

Influence of ecological water supplement of the Yellow River Diversion on time and space distribution of Guanting Reservoir water quality and analysis of pollution sources

In order to explore the influence of ecological water replenishment from the Yellow River Diversion Project on the temporal and spatial distribution of water quality in Guanting Reservoir, this paper, based on the monitoring data of eight pollutant indexes in nine sections of Guanting Reservoir from 2015 to 2020, uses the system clustering method to cluster them in time and space, analyzes the relationship between ecological water replenishment from the Yellow River Diversion Project and the temporal and spatial variation of water quality in Guanting Reservoir, and evaluates the water quality of Guanting Reservoir, and studies the interannual variation characteristics of water quality indexes in each section and the analysis of pollution sources. The results show that there are obvious temporal and spatial differences between the incoming water quality of Guanting Reservoir, the outgoing water quality and the water quality of the reservoir area. The upstream water of Guishui River takes three years as the time node, and the water quality is upgraded from Class IV to Class III;The storage water quality of Yongding River fluctuates and improves with two years as the node;Ecological water supplement from the Yellow River Diversion further reduced the concentrations of TN and NO₃^--N in Yongding River, but had no significant impact on the water quality change in the reservoir area. The water quality in Guanting Reservoir area met the Class IV standard of surface water.