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基于孔内立体像对成像的地应力方向测量方法研究
引用本文:邹先坚,王川婴,韩增强,汪进超,王益腾.基于孔内立体像对成像的地应力方向测量方法研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2018,50(1):71-78.
作者姓名:邹先坚  王川婴  韩增强  汪进超  王益腾
作者单位:中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,中国科学院院武汉岩土力学研究所,中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所
基金项目:国家自然科学基金“基于钻孔摄像的岩体内部结构面统计规律研究”(41402278)
摘    要:深部岩体地应力的测量对岩土力学与工程地质具有重要的意义。由于传统的地应力测试过程较为复杂,在深孔中更是难以实现,因此,本文提出了一种利用全景立体钻孔成像技术和受力状态下钻孔形态特征来快速、有效、准确地确定地应力方向的测量方法。该方法利用基于双锥镜成像原理的全景立体钻孔成像技术获得钻孔孔壁同一位置不同视角的两幅立体像对图像,通过对像对图像构建钻孔孔径形态数值,进而刻画钻孔孔壁的几何形态特征。再根据地应力的作用下圆形钻孔孔壁变成椭圆形孔壁,进而推导并给出了圆形孔壁变成椭圆之后的标准椭圆方程,并建立了椭圆形态参数与地应力方向的关系。据此,再结合全景立体钻孔成像技术获得钻孔孔壁的几何形态(椭圆形孔径),从而计算出椭圆长轴与坐标轴的方向,进而测得了孔内的地应力方向。最后利用标准模型进行模拟测试,结果表明该方法测量的钻孔几何形态方向与实际的应力方向保持一致,验证了该方法的正确性和可靠性。该方法应用了最新的钻孔成像技术,在不依赖于岩体物性参数的前提下,实现了基于钻孔形态的地应力方向的直接获取,为深部岩体地应力的测量提供了一种新的途径和测试方法。

关 键 词:地应力方向    立体像对成像    椭圆方程    钻孔形态    孔径变化
收稿时间:2017/5/23 0:00:00
修稿时间:2017/10/31 0:00:00

Measurement of Geostress Direction Based on Borehole Stereopair Imaging Technique
ZOU Xianjian,WANG Chuanying,HAN Zengqiang,WANG Jinchao and WANG Yiteng.Measurement of Geostress Direction Based on Borehole Stereopair Imaging Technique[J].Journal of Sichuan University (Engineering Science Edition),2018,50(1):71-78.
Authors:ZOU Xianjian  WANG Chuanying  HAN Zengqiang  WANG Jinchao and WANG Yiteng
Affiliation:State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,,
Abstract:The measurement of geostress of deep rock masses is of great significance to rock and soil mechanics and engineering geology. Traditional geostress testing process is complicated, and it is more difficult to perform in downhole. Hence, this paper proposes a testing method of rapidly, effectively and accurately determining geostress direction based on panoramic stereo-borehole imaging technology and borehole morphological characteristics in stress state. The principle of this method is to obtain two stereopair images of the same position of borehole wall in different visual angles with the panoramic borehole imaging technology based on double-conic mirror image-forming principle, and construct the aperture variation values of the borehole wall based on the image pairs, to describe the geometric characteristics of the borehole wall. Under the action of geostress, a circular borehole will turn elliptic. Thus, the standard equation of ellipse is also given out in this paper, and the correlation between the morphological parameter of ellipse and geostress is established. Besides, the geometric shape (ellipse) of the borehole wall is obtained in combination with the panoramic stereo borehole imaging technology, and the direction of geostress is solved on the intersection angle of the ellipse macroaxis and x axis. It is verified by a simulation model and the testing results show that the measured geometric shape of the model roughly agrees with the actual direction of borehole. In the method, the latest borehole imaging technology is applied, and it has been realized to obtain the ground stress direction based on borehole morphology without consideration of the physical property parameters of rock mass, which provides a new approach and testing method for the measurement of deep rock mass geostress.
Keywords:ground stress measurement  stereopair imaging technology  borehole geometrical shape  downhole digital elevation  elliptic equation
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