Nanoscale origins of small hysteresis and remnant strain in Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based lead-free ceramics |
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Authors: | Hao Qian Zhenglei Yu Minmin Mao Yunfei Liu Yinong Lyu |
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Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Materials–Orient Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China;2. Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), PR China |
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Abstract: | BiAlO3-doped Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-Bi0.5K0.5TiO3 (BA-doped BNT-BKT) ceramics are greatly concerned due to their sufficient electric-field-induced strain with small hysteresis and remnant strain for high precision positioning devices and other actuators. In this paper, the structural analysis especially the high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) is used to reveal the origin of excellent properties obtained in 0.96(0.75BNT-0.25BKT)-0.04BA, which exhibits a large strain of 0.21% at ~70 kV/cm, a small strain hysteresis of only 24% and a near-zero remnant strain. Using HRTEM, the antiferroelectric nano-domains composited by three variants of in-phase a0a0c+ octahedral tilting coexisted with the remnant ferroelectric nano-domains of anti-phase a?a?a? octahedral tilting are directly identified. Then a continuous tilting model is proposed to interpret the gradually transitional tilting involving nano-domains leading to the small hysteresis and near-zero remnant strain. The findings may pave a way for further optimizing the properties through creating stable antiferroelectric nano-domains in BNT-based ceramics and the analogues. |
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Keywords: | Lead-free ceramics Octahedral tilting Nanodomain Actuator |
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