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Leonardo's constraint: Two opaque objects cannot be seen in the same direction.
Authors:Ono  Hiroshi; Lillakas  Linda; Grove  Philip M; Suzuki  Masahiro
Abstract:Given Leonardo's constraint that 2 opaque objects cannot be seen in the same direction, how are the regions of objects occluded to 1 eye included in perception? To answer this question, the authors presented 3-dimensional stimuli, similar to the ones that concerned Leonardo, and measured the visual directions of their monocular and binocular regions. When the distance between near and far objects was large, the nonfixated object was seen as double and blurry. Leonardo's constraint was met by seeing the near object as double and transparent or the distant object as double and superimposed. When the distance between near and far objects was small, the constraint was met by a perceptual displacement and compression of parts of the nonfixated object. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords:opaque objects  perception  visual directions  monocular region  binocular region  distance  near objects  far objects  distance  perceptual displacement  Leonardo da Vinci
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