四川麻柳沟地震崩塌落石运动特征分析

根据麻柳沟斜坡的坡体结构、地震崩塌落石分布位置及落石运动轨迹，采用运动学理论方法研究了麻柳沟地震崩塌落石的运动特征。结果表明，地震崩塌落石有别于重力崩塌落石，其运动形式更为复杂。麻柳沟地震崩塌落石的运动过程可分为平抛、滚动两个阶段。受落石大小、形态等影响，不同规模的崩塌落石运动方式有所差异。大型落石往往经过平抛阶段后直接停留在落地的位置，据此可以反算崩塌落石的初始速度；小型落石由于能量较小，落地后迅速被耗尽，基本停留在离落地不远处；对于那些偏心距较小的中型落石，受其形状、大小及坡度等影响，运动距离较远。地震崩塌落石在滚动阶段不受地震力影响，因此其运动方式与重力崩塌落石运动形式相同。

Analysis of movement characteristics of collapse rockfall in Maliugou earthquake

According to Maliugou valley's slope body structure, distribution of earthquake rockfall and its trajectory etc., the movement characteristics of earthquake rockfall is studied by kinematic theory. The results show that the movement of earthquake collapse rock falls is more complex than the gravitational collapse rock falls. The movement of Maliugou earthquake collapse rock falls can be divided into the horizontal throwing stage and rolling stage. The movement of different scale rock falls varies because of the size and shape. The large rockfall always falls down and remain at the landing place so the initial speed can be converted. The small rockfall remains near its landing place because their energy is small and would be consumed quickly. The movement of the medium rockfall with small eccentricity is influenced by shape, size and slope, and the moving distance is larger. The collapse rockfall induced by earthquake is not affected by the earthquake force in rolling phase, so the movement is the same as the gravity collapse rock falls.