面向智慧城市应急响应的异构传感器集成共享方法

智慧城市的实现是建立在传感器资源观测应用之上.城市传感器资源类型多样,观测机理各异,数量巨大,它们呈现出封闭、孤立和自治性.面对复合的城市应急事件时,基于万维网的城市异构传感器资源管理低效,导致城市应急响应的实时可靠数据来源匮乏与决策低效,严重阻碍了城市应急响应的“智慧化”.提出了面向智慧城市应急响应的异构传感器资源集成共享框架,通过将城市异构传感器资源统一化描述,然后基于标准的网络目录服务进行传感器资源万维网注册与按需发现.构建了城市异构传感器资源集成共享平台,以武汉内涝型灾害应急响应为案例,验证了城市内涝监测传感器资源的集成共享的可行性和可扩展性,促使城市分布式异构传感器资源从“观测孤岛”到“集成共享”的转变,为智慧城市应急响应所需的传感器资源共享与观测规划提供依据.

An Integration and Sharing Method for Heterogeneous Sensors Oriented to Emergency Response in Smart City

It can be said that smart city will be built on the observations of sensors. Nowadays, city sensors have the features of being diverse in sensor type, different in observation mechanism and huge in quantity, and they represent a closed, isolated and autonomous observation scenario. Facing with complex city emergency events, it is inefficient to manage those heterogeneous city sensors via World Wide Web. The scarcity of the real-time, right and reliable data sourced from physical sensors and the inefficiency of emergency response decision-making seriously hinder the “smart” process of emergency response in smart city. We propose a framework for the integrating and sharing of heterogeneous city sensors oriented to emergency response. Firstly those heterogeneous sensors are uniformly described; Secondly we register them into a standard Web-based catalogue service and the registered sensor resources can be on-demand discovered; Thirdly, we construct an integration and sharing platform for city heterogeneous sensors. Last, we use waterlogging emergency response of Wuhan city as the disaster application to verify the feasibility and extensibility of integration and sharing method for heterogeneous flood-related sensors. The result shows that the proposed framework promotes the shift of heterogeneous waterlogging sensors from the observation island to integration management situation, which can lay a solid basis for sensor sharing and observation planning required in smart city emergency response.