烤烟-玉米轮作体系氮磷钾养分利用及优化管理研究

为研究烤烟-玉米轮作体系养分利用，优化轮作体系养分管理，利用专门修建的渗漏池，开展了烤烟连作、烤烟-玉米轮作试验，对比分析了养分利用情况和烟叶产量、产值及病害发生率，并对烤烟-玉米轮作体系养分投入进行优化管理。结果表明，常规施肥条件下，1个轮作周期（玉米-休闲-烤烟），氮磷钾养分投入过量，烟叶产量、产值较低，病害发生率较高，与烤烟连作均无显著差异。优化调整轮作周期中玉米种植季施肥量[氮96 kg/hm^2、磷（P2O5）60 kg/hm^2、钾0 kg/hm^2]后，轮作体系养分基本平衡，玉米产量稳定，烤烟病害较低，烟叶产量、产值较高。

Nutrient Utilization and Optimal Management in Corn and Flue-cured Tobacco Rotational Cropping Systems

A field experiment was carried out to study nutrient utilization and management in a rotational cropping system by using leaching chambers through analyzing nutrient utilization, product value and disease occurrence of tobacco. The results showed that there were no significant differences in yield, output and disease occurrence of tobacco between tobacco-maize rotation system and continuous tobacco cropping system with conventional fertilization. During a rotational cropping cycle, the inputs of N, P, and K were excessive. After reducing the fertilizer rate of corn in growing season, soil nutrients in rotation system maintained dynamic balance, and the yield of maize was stable, and the yield of tobacco maintained high level, the disease occurrence of tobacco was low.