甲醇-汽油混合体系性能及新型混合燃料的配制

甲醇与汽油的相溶性与基础油的组成、环境温度、甲醇添加量有很大关系。对比了甲醇与汽油的理化特性,以市售90#和93#汽油为基础油探讨了不同添加量甲醇对混合燃料稳定性的影响,甲醇的添加对燃料油馏程特性影响显著,添加量增大(10%～50%),低沸点馏分增多。以异辛烷、环己烷、环己烯、苯模拟汽油中的烷烃、烯烃、芳烃组分,分别绘制了与甲醇的双液系相图,测定了异辛烷、环己烷、环己烯、苯混合模拟汽油与不同掺比甲醇体系的初馏点,从理论上阐明了甲醇汽油混合燃料低沸点组分增加的原因。通过4种醇类添加剂对甲醇汽油混合体系性能进行改进,获得了低温稳定性好、基本符合商用汽油馏程特性的新型车用燃料。

Properties of methanol-gasoline blending system and prepararion of newtype mixing fuel

The intermiscibility of methanol and gasoline is greatly related to the property of base oil,ambient temperature and the additive amount of methanol.In this paper,the physicochemical characteristics of methanol and gasoline were compared,and the effect of different additive amount of methanol on the stability of the fuel combination was discussed by using commercial 90 # and 93 # gasoline as the base oil.The results show that the addition of methanol has great effect on the distillation range characteristics of the fuel oil.The amount of low-boiling fractions is increased with the increasing additive amount of methanol(10% ~ 50%).On the other hand,by using isooctane,cyclohexane,cyclohexene and benzene to simulate the gasoline components of alkane,alkene and arene,the phase diagrams for the binary systems composed of methanol and different components of gasoline have been drawn,respectively.The initial boiling points of the simulated gasoline(the mixture of isooctane,cyclohexane,cyclohexene and benzene) with different additive amount of methanol were measured,and the reason of the increase of low-boiling fractions in this methanol gasoline was also clarified theoretically.With 4 kinds of additives,the performance of methanol gasoline was improved,and then a new type of motor fuel was obtained,with good stability at low temperature,and the distillation range characteristics are consistent with the commercial gasoline.