TODAM2: A model for the storage and retrieval of item, associative, and serial-order information.

Presents an extended version of the convolution–correlation memory model TODAM (theory of distributed associative memory) that not only eliminates some of the inadequacies of previous versions but also provides a unified treatment of item, associative, and serial-order information. The chunking model extended the basic convolution–correlation formalism by using multiple convolutions, n-grams (multiple autoassociations of sums of item vectors), and chunks (sums of n-grams) to account for chunking and serial organization. TODAM2 extends the chunking model by including rn-grams (reduced n-grams), labels, and "lebals" (the involution or mirror image of a label) to provide a general model for episodic memory. For paired associates, it is assumed that Ss store only labeled n-grams and lebaled rn-grams. It is shown that the model is broadly consistent with a number of major empirical paired-associate and serial-order effects. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)