硅气凝胶材料的研究进展

硅气凝胶是一种具有许多奇异性质和广泛应用前景的轻质纳米多孔性材料，近年来受到物理学家，化学家和材料学家们的重视，本文系统归纳了近年来有关硅气凝胶的研究成果，对硅气凝胶的制备原理，结构与性能以及应用开发等研究的进展作了简要的论述。

Progress on the Research of Silica Aerogels

Aerogels are soi-gel derived nano-porous materials.Interesting properties andapplications have attracted numerous physicists,chemists and material scientists.As aerogels haveporosities around 90%or above,it is to be expectedthat their acoustic,thermal and optical propertiesdiffer distinctly from those of non-porous silica,Allapplications of aerogels make use of their highporosity,which is responsible for the low index ofrefraction,the small Young's modulus,the lowacoustic impedance,the low thermal conductivity andthe excellent accessibility of the inner surface.Furthermore the technical utilization of aerogelsrequires the art of modifing the structural build-up,the porosity and composition in a controlled way.