基于构建等效子集的观测系统变换

随着宽方位、高密度三维地震采集技术的发展,需要海量地震采集设备;在地震采集设备资源有限的条件下,或者地震接收成本较高而激发成本相对较低情况下,适于采用“以炮代道”地震采集方式对原设计地震采集排列片做观测系统变换。观测系统变换的前提条件是两种观测系统构建的十字子集相同,以保证面元属性一致,从而达到预期的勘探目标。实际应用结果表明,推拉式观测系统和大十字观测系统均可方便地完成等效子集的构建,实现以炮代道的精确变换,研究这两种观测系统是分析和设计复杂的以炮代道观测系统变换的基础。

Observation system transformation based on the construction of equivalent subsets

The development of three-dimensional seismic acquisition technology featuring wide azimuth and high density requires a great amount of seismic acquisition equipment. Under the condition of limi-ted resources of seismic acquisition equipment or the condition of high seismic receiving cost and low excitation cost,it is suitable to adopt the "using shots rather than traces" seismic acquisition method to transform the observation system in the originally designed seismic acquisition arrays. The precondition for the observation system transformation is that the cross subsets constructed by the two observation systems are the same to ensure consistent bin attributes,achieving the expected prospecting targets. The results from practical applications show that the push-pull observation system and the large-cross observation system can easily construct the equivalent subset and realize the accurate transformation using shots rather than traces. The study of these two observation systems is the basis for the analysis and design of the complex observation system transformation using shots rather than traces.