不同催化剂对渣油加氢反应产物分布的影响

对塔河常渣和沙轻减渣在不同催化剂存在下的加氢处理反应产物分布进行了研究。结果表明，可以采用单位生焦的裂化转化率（x1／xcoke）或者裂化转化率与单位缩合转化率（x1／x2）之比来表示渣油加氢催化剂的活性或选择性，表征结果与传统的认识相一致。不同催化剂对加氢反应产物的影响不同。渣油加氢催化剂主要通过提供活性氢原子来抑制大分子自由基的缩合及裂化反应，从而影响产物分布。不同催化剂在渣油加氢过程中抑制缩合反应的性能不同，实验所研究3种催化剂抑制缩合反应的能力为B〉C〉A，其裂化转化率与单位缩合转化率之比的差值最高可达4．3。渣油加氢催化剂对反应结果的影响，既与催化剂的活性组分含量及种类有关，也与活性组分的匹配比例有关，还与催化剂的表面结构有关。

Influence of Catalysts on Product Distribution of Residue Hydrotreating

The influence of different catalysts on product distribution of residue hydrotreating in an autoclave with Tahe atmospheric residue （THAR） and Saudi Arabia light crude oil vacuum residue （ALVR） was studied. The results show that the catalyst activity and selectivity can he evaluated by the cracking conversion for unit coking （x1/Xocko ） or the ratio of the cracking conversion to the unit condensation （x1/x2 ）. It is consistent to the traditional understanding of residue hydrotreating. The catalysts influenced product distribution by providing active hydrogen atom to inhibit cracking of macromolecular radicals. There is different performance to inhibit coke formation in residue hydrotreating for different catalysts. The inhibition condensation sequence of catalysts is B〉C〉A and the maximum difference of the ratio of the cracking conversion to the unit condensation can reach 4.3. The influence of catalysts on residue hydrotreating was not only related to content and species of active metals, but also to the atomic ratio of hydrogenating component and surface structure of catalyst.