火电厂和IGCC及煤气化SOFC混合循环减排CO2的分析

二氧化碳减排已经成为缓解全球气候变化的一个重要议题 .目前 ,火电厂排放的 CO2约占中国 CO2 排放量的 1 /3左右 ,减少其 CO2 排放可以通过提高能量转化效率和回收封存 CO2 两种主要方式 .常规锅炉汽机电厂、IGCC以及煤气化 -固体氧化物燃料电池 ( SOFC)混合循环分别代表了现在、近期及未来燃煤电厂的典型配置 ,超临界及超超临界电厂效率可以达到 40 %以上 ,采用GEH型等先进燃气轮机的 IGCC可提高到 5 0 %以上 ,而混合循环电厂的效率则有望达到 60 %以上 .利用 Aspen Plus TM对这三种电厂进行了模拟 ,考察了三者在回收 CO2 前后性能的变化 .在此基础上 ,分析了减排 CO2 及征收排放税等措施对各电厂发电成本的影响 ,进而就未来如何促进电厂减排 CO2 进行了探讨 .

ANALYSIS OF CONVENTIONAL POWER PLANT,IGCC AND COAL GASIFICATION SOFC HYBRID WITH CO2 MITIGATION

CO 2 emission reduction is an important countermeasure against the global climate change. Now, about one third of China's CO 2 emission is from coal-fired power plants. Carbon mitigation from power plants could be realized by the combination of efficiency boost and CO 2 recovery and sequestration. Rankine cycle, IGCC using advanced turbines such as GEH class, and Integrated Coal Gasification SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) Hybrid represent the typical configurations of coal-fired power plants for today, near term and the future, with typical efficiencies of over 40%, 50% and 60% respectively. This paper simulates these three power plants with Aspen Plus TM , and examines their performances with and without CO 2 recovery, based on which, the effects of CO 2 mitigation and carbon tax upon the production cost of electricity are analyzed. Also, this paper discusses how to promote the carbon mitigation in power industry in the future.