Revising Endosomal Trafficking under Insulin Receptor Activation |
| |
Authors: | Maria J Iraburu Tommy Garner Cristina Montiel-Duarte |
| |
Affiliation: | 1.Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;2.The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; |
| |
Abstract: | The endocytosis of ligand-bound receptors and their eventual recycling to the plasma membrane (PM) are processes that have an influence on signalling activity and therefore on many cell functions, including migration and proliferation. Like other tyrosine kinase receptors (TKR), the insulin receptor (INSR) has been shown to be endocytosed by clathrin-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Once at the early endosome (EE), the sorting of the receptor, either to the late endosome (LE) for degradation or back to the PM through slow or fast recycling pathways, will determine the intensity and duration of insulin effects. Both the endocytic and the endosomic pathways are regulated by many proteins, the Arf and Rab families of small GTPases being some of the most relevant. Here, we argue for a specific role for the slow recycling route, whilst we review the main molecular mechanisms involved in INSR endocytosis, sorting and recycling, as well as their possible role in cell functions. |
| |
Keywords: | insulin receptor endocytosis receptor trafficking endosomal recycling compartment Arf GTPases Ras GTPases |
|
|