气载、液载颗粒物直接进样ICP-MS技术及其在核工业中的应用

颗粒物分析在核、环境、生命科学等领域具有重要价值，不经复杂化学处理直接将颗粒物引入高灵敏电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）分析，具有分析速度快、可获取单颗粒特征信息、化学处理工作量小等优势。本文综述了气载、液载颗粒物直接进样ICP-MS分析技术，介绍了该技术在高效过滤器下游复杂基体气溶胶样品中的超痕量钚检测和悬浮液中单个氧化铒颗粒的高精度同位素分析中的应用，并从技术发展和分析应用角度进行了展望。

Direct Introduction of Airborne and Suspension Particles into ICP-MS for On-line Elemental or Isotopic Analysis and Its Applications in Nuclear Field

Particle analysis is of great significance in nuclear, environmental, life science, etc. Direct introduction of airborne or suspension particles into highly sensitive inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for on-line elemental and isotopic analysis has advantages, such as simplifying chemical treatment, avoiding contamination and obtaining fingerprint information. This paper first reviewed this technology, including principle, calibration method, sample introduction method and ion detection method. Then, some studies on the principle and calibration method conducted by our group were introduced. Two cases of its application in nuclear field were presented: determination of ultra-trace plutonium concentration in aerosol samples with complicated matrix downstream of nuclear-grade filters, and precise measurement of erbium isotopes in suspended erbium oxide particles as uranium surrogates. Finally, further development and application of this technology were proposed.