刚性优化与柔性决策结合的电力系统运行调度理论探讨

在电力系统运行调度中，因地域、时域上的关联、差异及不均衡，存在诸如安全与费用、堵塞、中断等相互冲突的问题，使供给与需求间平衡的优化和决策必须在刚性与柔性之问权衡。以此为线索，论述电力系统运行调度在市场经济机制下，供求平衡中产生矛盾的机理，提出解决这一矛盾的总体思路和具体方法及具有前瞻性的电力系统运行调度刚性优化和柔性决策相结合的新思想。其核心内容为：挖掘目标与约束域间的制约起因，追寻约束域的特征模式，提供电气规律与现代技术融合的刚性优化手段；分析网络输电能力不均匀性的因果，推理削弱其不均匀性的策略，论证费用与安全间的折中准则，提供安全与经济相称的输电能力柔性决策机制；探索等效电力商品的内涵，量化电力商品交易过程中确定性、模糊性及随机性成分的构成，确立符合市场经济的风险准则，提供唯一电力市场交易的柔性决策机制。

Theoretical discussion on combination of rigid optimality and flexible decision-making for electric power system operation dispatching

Due to the coupling, difference and imbalance among terrain and time domain, there are many conflict problems in electric power system operation dispatching, such as security vs cost, congestion and interruption and so on. The optimality and decision making of balancing supply and demand must be a tradeoff problem between rigid and flexible. From this point, the paper dissertates the conflict mechanism among supply and demand, proposes an idea and method collectively for solving the problem, as well as a new idea of electric power system operation dispatch with looking ahead ability, which is rigid optimality and flexible decision making. This theory frame contains as following issues: mining the restriction origin between objective and constraint, pursuing the characteristic pattern of constraint region, providing the rigid optimal means combining electrical law and modern technique; analyzing the reason of transmission ability existed asymmetry, deriving the strategy of weakening the asymmetry, demonstrating the tradeoff rule of cost and security, providing the tansmission ability juging mechanism of cost and security proportionately; exploring the meaning of the equivalent electric power commodity, quantitating constitutes of electric power commodity composed of determinate, fuzzy and stochastic, estabilishing the risk rule of according with the market economy, providing the flexible decision making machnism of exclusive electric power market.