吸附制冷用复合吸附剂的吸附性能

固体吸附式制冷因具有环保和节能两大优势，成为国内外竞相开发的热点，尤其是将其用于新型空调系统和太阳能应用产品方面的开发研究备受关注．但从实用化研究成果来看，还远不满足工业化条件，其主要原因之一是受吸附制冷工质对（吸附剂-制冷剂）的性能制约．目前，国内外关于吸附制冷工质对的研究报道比较多，所采用的吸附（工）质仍然以水、甲醇、乙醇和氨为主，对于吸附剂的研究进展比较快，已从当初单一组分吸附剂的选用发展到目前多组分、复合吸附剂的研制．研制性能优良的吸附剂被认为是推动固体吸附式制冷工业化的关键之一．

Adsorption performance of composite adsorbent for adsorption refrigeration

Adsorption performance of adsorbents for the adsorption cooling cycle was discussed. Adsorption isotherms and adsorption rate of water or ethanol on composite adsorbents prepared by the authors (named M4-0132, M1-0001, M1-9906 and M2-0003 respectively), were tested. The results of fitting to the micro-pore filling theory equation and calculation of characteristic adsorption work based on these pairs were presented. The results showed that the amount of water adsorbed by composite adsorbents was as high as 2 times that by silica gel and 2.5 times that by 13X molecular sieve, respectively, and characteristic adsorption work calculated was 2.55～4.78 kJ•mol^-1, only 12%～29% of that on 13X molecular sieve. The values of adsorption rate of water on composite adsorbents were higher than that on silica gel. Analysis for ethanol adsorption on composite adsorbent, M1-0001, showed occurrence of capillary condensation, which resulted in a considerably higher ethanol uptake than on activated carbon at higher relative vapor pressure. The characteristic adsorption work of ethanol on composite sorbents was 2.55～4.78 kJ•mol^-1, merely 10%～20% of that on activated carbon. Based on comprehensive estimate of adsorption properties, including adsorption loading, characteristic adsorption work and adsorption rate etc., M4-0132 and M1-0001 composite adsorbents were more preferred for the adsorption cooling process, and the preferable type of isotherm for adsorption cooling cycle appeared to be the Ⅴ type of Brunauer classification.