湖南食盐产地变迁

历史时期,湖南食盐产地发生了很大的变化,解放前后变化尤为突出。在传统手工业生产阶段,湖南从事井盐生产和膏盐生产,井盐产地有湘阴、湘乡、澧州、东安四处,膏盐产地有湘潭、浏阳、湘乡、溆浦、衡阳等;井盐产量极少,由于得不偿失,被迫停产;膏盐产量较多,但是价高、质劣,也不得不停产;湖南食盐供应基本上依赖外省。20世纪70年代,湖南利用现代钻井技术开采井矿盐,采用真空蒸发法生产精盐,很快建成了湘澧、湘衡两大盐矿,产量迅速提高,质量也有很大的改善。90年代,湖南盐业生产不仅解决了本省人民的吃盐问题,而且销往省外,甚至出口。在湖南食盐产地变迁过程中,采卤技术起了决定作用。

Changes of Salt Production Sites in Hunan Province

Great changes have taken place in salt production sites of Hunan province in the long history, especially around the National Liberation War. In the stage of traditional handicraft production, well salt and gypsum salt were produced in Hunan, where well salt was specifically produced in Xiangyin, Xiangxiang, Lizhou and Dong＇an, while gypsum salt was produced in Xiangtan, Liuyang, Xiangxiang, Xupu, Hengyang and ect.. But due to the low yield of well salt, the production had to be shut down, and despite the large output of gypsum salt, the high cost and low quality forced its saltworks to stop. Thus, table salt in Hunan on the whole was supplied by other provinces. In the 1970s, with the application of modem drilling technology and vacuum evaporating salt making technology, Xiangli Salt Mine and Xiangheng Salt Mine were soon built, salt product output rapidly raised and the quality greatly improved. In the 1990s, Hunan did not only produce enough salt for local people, but also sold salt products to other provinces, or even exported. In the changes of salt production sites, the improvement of brine extraction techniques played a decisive role.